Paul Eres ([info]rinku) wrote,
@ 2006-01-16 16:36:00
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Entry tags:philosophy, religion

Dharma and Telos & First Impressions of Hinduism
Is it just me, or are the Indian concept of dharma and the ancient Greek concept of telos virtually indistinguishable? Both seem functionally equivalent to a combination of 'essence', 'nature', and 'function'.

Here is a really nice story about Dharma I read today.

I was reading a translation of the Bhagavad Gita today, a really horrible translation (by Eknath Easwaran) which made the Gita into slave morality. For instance, one of the chapters was retitled "selfless service", Krishna was saying the problem with life is selfishness and so on. It almost made me nauseous. I really hope slave morality isn't that prevalent in Hinduism, and that that translator (who is Christian) was just inserting that evil into the work through word selection.

I found that the Gita (and I expect the Mahabharata and Ramayana as a whole) relies in prior knowledge of the Upanishads, so I think I'm going to read some of those before those two epic poems that I intend to review.

Reincarnation, as an afterlife concept, is an incredibly sophisticated and powerful illusion; moreso than the whole heaven/hell thing.

Karma and dharma are great concepts, and can be taken wholey secularly. Maya and moksha too.

The three gunas (tamas, rajas, sattva) are interesting but I'm not sure I grasp their full theory yet, so I'll withhold judgement.

I like the idea that Yoga is "skill in action" -- yoga means more than just the postures/exercise, it's much broader in meaning in India, more akin to Buddhist meditation than to yoga exercise. To quote my translation's introduction:

"He tells Arjuna that if he can establish himself in yoga he will be more effective in the realm of action. His judgement will be better and his vision clear if he is not emotionally entangled in the outcome of what he does. [...] Yoga is "skill in action" because this kind of detachment is required if one is to act in freedom, rather than merely react to events according to his conditioning."

Also I noticed a major simularity between Atlas Shrugged and the Mahabarata -- both are very long and have highly complex "speeches" near the end which embody the theme of the work (the Bhagavad Gita is the "speech" of Krishna, about 150 pages long, John Galt's speech is about 100 pages long).



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[info]cwoxviii
2006-01-17 01:04 am UTC (link)
My understanding of telos is more like a perfection, fulfillment, or final cause. Obviously this is intimately bound up with a thing's "essence," but they are not synonymous notions - a thing's essence could be understood as anaylzed or "boiled down," but a thing's telos is rich and fully developed to all extremes.

Of course, thinghood vs. final cause is an ancient problem.

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[info]god_of_atheism
2006-01-17 02:04 am UTC (link)
Of course, the mythos of any ancient religion/religious tradition is curiously void of slave-morality, implying that slave-moralization of religion is a reform and not always thought of as one and the same with the religion's "theology" (indeed theologies varied within sects of this religious tradition), rather than something inherited along with the tradition. The notion of things having an inherent function, essence, and teleology, too, is pretty much standard to ancient thought in general, and is most obviously evident in ancient languages.

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[info]ubermensch
2006-01-17 02:09 am UTC (link)
this is not a universal but a specific of a certain "family line" -- remember that indian and european languages share common ancestry, so one should not make too much of found cultural similarities within these "foreigners"-- they are cousins, after all

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[info]god_of_atheism
2006-01-17 02:20 am UTC (link)
The Hamito-Semitic and East Asian traditions shares these characteristics as well.

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[info]ubermensch
2006-01-17 02:08 am UTC (link)
I would compare the hindu concept of dharma more to the hellenic concept of "ergon" than I would to "telos"

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[info]rinku
2006-01-17 06:25 am UTC (link)
Hmm, that may be closer.

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[info]papertygre
2006-01-17 07:21 am UTC (link)
"Skill in action" -- that's great. That fits well with the "goal-free living" I've been thinking about lately.

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